Types of ADHD Medication
The first class of medication that doctors prescribe for ADHD are stimulants. These medications increase brain chemicals, including norepinephrine and dopamine.
Long- and short-acting stimulant pills are available. The long-acting form of these drugs allows for continuous medication throughout the day. This helps reduce the side effects of fluctuations in the levels of drugs.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most commonly used and generally the most effective type of medication for ADHD. They help improve focus and attention in approximately 70 to 80% of those who suffer from ADHD. They accomplish this by increasing brain chemicals, such as dopamine and norepinephrine. These chemicals affect your ability to focus and pay attention. Stimulants are available in several forms such as pills as well as extended-release (ER) tablets, and orally disintegrating tablets. Your doctor will prescribe one that is suitable for you. They'll consider whether you want to take the stimulant along with food, the speed of action, and any potential adverse effects.
The most frequently prescribed stimulants for ADHD include Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, and Daytrana. They are in a class of drugs known as methylphenidates. Other medications in this group include atomoxetine, Strattera, Tenex, Intuniv and Kapvay.
When used to treat over the counter adhd medication aren't considered addictive. They can cause problems such as loss of appetite, sleep problems and an increase in heart rate and blood tension. They also could interact with certain medications and medical conditions.
People with ADHD who take stimulants need to be closely monitored by their doctor. It can take time to determine the right dosage and kind of medication for each person. It's important to communicate openly with your doctor and report any negative changes or side effects, such as a sudden change in appetite or mood, and how the medication is working for you or your child.
Stimulant drugs have been used to treat ADHD since the 1960s and are very secure when taken in the prescribed dosage. They are beneficial for 70 - 80% of adults and kids and can reduce the symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity. They can help reduce fidgeting and interrupting, and improve learning and interpersonal skills.
The majority of children and adults who are taking stimulants will need to continue taking them throughout their lives, however some can reduce or discontinue the use of these substances. They are usually combined with other treatments including behavior therapy and skills training.
Nonstimulant medications can help when stimulants don't work or cause bothersome adverse effects. They can help improve the effects of stimulants, enabling your child or you to concentrate, control impulses, and pay attention. These medications, which are generally in a class called alpha-2-adrenergic antagonists, are employed "off label" to treat ADHD for a long, long time years before FDA approval.
The medications in this class are the guanfacine, clonidine and a newer medication called Atomoxetine (Strattera). These medications are in another class of drugs than the methylphenidates. They are less likely to cause side reactions, but they do not perform as fast. These drugs increase the amount of norepinephrine that is produced in the brain, which is responsible for controlling emotions and paying attention. It could take as long as six weeks before they begin working, but many people notice improvement within a few days. They can be used by themselves or in combination with stimulants to enhance how they work together.